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Layers

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  • Visible

Reference maps

  • SUDOE mountain massifs
     
    SUDOE mountain massifs  map legend
  • SUDOE Regions
     
    SUDOE Regions map legend

Forest fires

  • Active Fire Hotspots MODIS (7 days)
     
    Active Fire Hotspots MODIS (7 days) map legend
  • Areas affected by wildfires (2000 - 2017)
     
    Areas affected by wildfires (2000 - 2017) map legend
  • Projected forest fire danger (2071-2100)
     
    Projected forest fire danger (2071-2100) map legend
  • EFFIS Fuel Map
     
    EFFIS Fuel Map map legend
  • Fire Danger (FWI)
     
    Fire Danger (FWI) map legend

Droughts

  • Droughts frequency 1950-2012
     
  • Projected trends in drought frequency 2041-2017
     
  • Sensivity to Desertification Index (SDI)
     
    Sensivity to Desertification Index (SDI) map legend
  • Combined Drought Indicator
     
    Combined Drought Indicator map legend

Erosion

  • Global soil erosion 2012
     
    Global soil erosion 2012 map legend
  • Soil erosion by water
     
    Soil erosion by water map legend
  • Soil erosion in forestland
     
    Soil erosion in forestland map legend
  • Soil Erosion Control
     
    Soil Erosion Control map legend
  • Rainfall Erosivity

    • Global Rainfall Erosivity
       
      Global Rainfall Erosivity map legend
    • Future erosivity 2050
       
      Future erosivity 2050 map legend
    • Erosivity density
       
      Erosivity density map legend
    • Annual R Factor
       
      Annual R Factor map legend
    • Spring R Factor
       
      Spring R Factor map legend
    • Summer R Factor
       
      Summer R Factor map legend
    • Autumn R Factor
       
      Autumn R Factor map legend
    • Winter R Factor
       
      Winter R Factor map legend

    Soil Organic Carbon

    • Soil organic carbon (mean 1971-2000) (t/ha)
       
    • Soil organic carbon (2ºC period) (t/ha)
       
    • Climate change signal for 2ºC period (%)
       

Floods

  • Accumulated Precipitation (mm)
     
    Accumulated Precipitation (mm) map legend
  • Extreme precipitation 1971-2000 (mm/day)
     
    Extreme precipitation 1971-2000 (mm/day) map legend
  • Change in extreme precipitation for +2°C (mm/day)
     
    Change in extreme precipitation for +2°C (mm/day) map legend
  • Reporting Points
     
    Reporting Points map legend
  • Flood hazard map 50-year return period
     
    Flood hazard map 50-year return period map legend
  • Flood hazard map 100-year return period
     
    Flood hazard map 100-year return period map legend
  • Flood hazard 10 years - Spain (m)
     
    Flood hazard 10 years - Spain (m) map legend
  • Flood hazard 100 year (m)
     
    Flood hazard 100 year (m) map legend
  • 20 Year Return Period Exceedance (%)
     
    20 Year Return Period Exceedance (%) map legend
  • Flood Protection Levels
     
    Flood Protection Levels map legend
  • ERIC Affected area
     
  • Landslide Susceptibility
     
    Landslide Susceptibility map legend
  • Projected relative change of mean discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
     
    Projected relative change of mean discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
  • Projected relative change of mean discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
     
    Projected relative change of mean discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend
  • Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
     
    Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
  • Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
     
    Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend
  • Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
     
    Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
  • Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
     
    Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend

Pilot cases

    Forest fires

      1.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya

      • Permanent inventory plots
         
      • Forest management Montclima area
         
      • Can Bordoi estate
         
      • Natural Protected Area El Montnegre i el Corredor
         
      • Perimeters of priority protection Serres del Montnegre i Corredor
         

    Droughts

      2.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya

      • Drought episodes in pine trees
         
        Drought episodes in pine trees map legend
      • Drought episodes in holm oak trees
         
        Drought episodes in holm oak trees map legend

    Erosion

      3.1 Protective forest management at Comella - Andorra

      • Picnic area
         
        Picnic area map legend
      • Area of operation
         
        Area of operation map legend
      • Area of origin of rocky block fall
         
        Area of origin of rocky block fall map legend

      3.2 Erosion in vineyards - NEIKER - Rioja Alavesa

      • Study Area
         
        Study Area map legend
      • Potential erosion (t/ha)
         
        Potential erosion (t/ha) map legend
      • Lithology
         
        Lithology map legend
      • Altitude (m)
         
        Altitude (m) map legend

    Floods

      4.1 Torrential laves at Claror - Andorra

      • Claror mountain hut
         
        Claror mountain hut map legend
      • Pilot case 2015
         
        Pilot case 2015 map legend
      • Area of operation 2016
         
        Area of operation 2016 map legend
      • Vall del Madriu
         
        Vall del Madriu map legend

      4.2 Resilience to risks in the Valentin valley - CEREMA - France

      • Valentin River Watershed
         
        Valentin River Watershed map legend
      • Regulatory Areas
         
        Regulatory Areas map legend
      • Hazards
         
        Hazards map legend
      • Run-off risk
         
        Run-off risk map legend

Good practices

    Forest fires

      1.1 Good practice test

    Droughts

    Erosion

    Floods

WMS Services

    Base maps

    • OpenStreetMap
    • Satellite Sentinel-2 2018

    Analysis tools

    This section shows the temporal evolution of variables related to the different risks associated with climate change. You can select a variable and press the "Analyze" button to see the graph of time evolution in the different SUDOE mountain massifs.

    Search

    Evolution

    Pilot cases

    • fires

    • droughts

    • erosion

    • floods

    • 1.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya
    • 2.1 Adaptative forest management - Droughts - Catalunya
    • 3.1 Protective forest management at Comella - Andorra
    • 3.2 Erosion in vineyards - NEIKER - Rioja Alavesa
    • 4.1 Torrential laves at Claror - Andorra
    • 4.2 Resilience to risks in the Valentin valley - CEREMA - France

    Good practices

    • fires

    • droughts

    • erosion

    • floods

    • 1.1 Good practice test
    • Phusicos

    Thematic maps

    • fires

    • droughts

    • erosion

    • floods

    Fire risk depends on many factors, including climatic conditions, vegetation, forest management practices and other socio-economic factors.
    The burnt area in the Mediterranean region where SUDOE mountains are located, increased from 1980 to 2000. Even if it has decreased thereafter, patterns and intensity of forest risk are changing because of climate change. In a warmer climate, more severe fire weather and, as a consequence, an expansion of the fire-prone area and longer fire seasons are projected across Europe. The impact of fire events is particularly strong in southern Europe.
    Today there are many useful tools for the prevention and management of forest fires (mapping tools, databases, risk and vulnerability indicators among others).

    More information

    Complementary cartographic resources about fires in SUDOE mountain massifs:
    • European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS) map viewer
    • EFFIS Long-term seasonal forecast of temperature and rainfall anomalies
    • IMPACT2C Atlas - Forest fire vulnerability
    • Global Forest Watch - Fires
    • Urban population directly affected by forest fires 2000-2018
    Complementary cartographic resources about fires in Catalunya:
    • Delimitation of the areas burned by forest fires produced between 1986 and 2020
    • Forest Fire Basic Hazard Map
    • Classification of wooded areas according to the Fuel and Flammability Models
    • Flammability assigned to each category of natural vegetation
    • Municipalities with high risk of forest fire
    • Priority protection perimeters for forest fire prevention
    • Daily Wildfire Hazard Prediction Map
    • Map of the Plan Alfa > actions of the forest fire surveillance and prevention troops deployed in the territory

    Reference maps

    • SUDOE mountain massifs
       
      SUDOE mountain massifs  map legend
    • SUDOE Regions
       
      SUDOE Regions map legend

    Forest fires

    • Active Fire Hotspots MODIS (7 days)
       
      Active Fire Hotspots MODIS (7 days) map legend
    • Areas affected by wildfires (2000 - 2017)
       
      Areas affected by wildfires (2000 - 2017) map legend
    • Projected forest fire danger (2071-2100)
       
      Projected forest fire danger (2071-2100) map legend
    • EFFIS Fuel Map
       
      EFFIS Fuel Map map legend
    • Fire Danger (FWI)
       
      Fire Danger (FWI) map legend

    Droughts

    • Droughts frequency 1950-2012
       
    • Projected trends in drought frequency 2041-2017
       
    • Sensivity to Desertification Index (SDI)
       
      Sensivity to Desertification Index (SDI) map legend
    • Combined Drought Indicator
       
      Combined Drought Indicator map legend

    Erosion

    • Global soil erosion 2012
       
      Global soil erosion 2012 map legend
    • Soil erosion by water
       
      Soil erosion by water map legend
    • Soil erosion in forestland
       
      Soil erosion in forestland map legend
    • Soil Erosion Control
       
      Soil Erosion Control map legend
    • Rainfall Erosivity

      • Global Rainfall Erosivity
         
        Global Rainfall Erosivity map legend
      • Future erosivity 2050
         
        Future erosivity 2050 map legend
      • Erosivity density
         
        Erosivity density map legend
      • Annual R Factor
         
        Annual R Factor map legend
      • Spring R Factor
         
        Spring R Factor map legend
      • Summer R Factor
         
        Summer R Factor map legend
      • Autumn R Factor
         
        Autumn R Factor map legend
      • Winter R Factor
         
        Winter R Factor map legend

      Soil Organic Carbon

      • Soil organic carbon (mean 1971-2000) (t/ha)
         
      • Soil organic carbon (2ºC period) (t/ha)
         
      • Climate change signal for 2ºC period (%)
         

    Floods

    • Accumulated Precipitation (mm)
       
      Accumulated Precipitation (mm) map legend
    • Extreme precipitation 1971-2000 (mm/day)
       
      Extreme precipitation 1971-2000 (mm/day) map legend
    • Change in extreme precipitation for +2°C (mm/day)
       
      Change in extreme precipitation for +2°C (mm/day) map legend
    • Reporting Points
       
      Reporting Points map legend
    • Flood hazard map 50-year return period
       
      Flood hazard map 50-year return period map legend
    • Flood hazard map 100-year return period
       
      Flood hazard map 100-year return period map legend
    • Flood hazard 10 years - Spain (m)
       
      Flood hazard 10 years - Spain (m) map legend
    • Flood hazard 100 year (m)
       
      Flood hazard 100 year (m) map legend
    • 20 Year Return Period Exceedance (%)
       
      20 Year Return Period Exceedance (%) map legend
    • Flood Protection Levels
       
      Flood Protection Levels map legend
    • ERIC Affected area
       
    • Landslide Susceptibility
       
      Landslide Susceptibility map legend
    • Projected relative change of mean discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of mean discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of mean discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of mean discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend

    Pilot cases

      Forest fires

        1.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya

        • Permanent inventory plots
           
        • Forest management Montclima area
           
        • Can Bordoi estate
           
        • Natural Protected Area El Montnegre i el Corredor
           
        • Perimeters of priority protection Serres del Montnegre i Corredor
           

      Droughts

        2.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya

        • Drought episodes in pine trees
           
          Drought episodes in pine trees map legend
        • Drought episodes in holm oak trees
           
          Drought episodes in holm oak trees map legend

      Erosion

        3.1 Protective forest management at Comella - Andorra

        • Picnic area
           
          Picnic area map legend
        • Area of operation
           
          Area of operation map legend
        • Area of origin of rocky block fall
           
          Area of origin of rocky block fall map legend

        3.2 Erosion in vineyards - NEIKER - Rioja Alavesa

        • Study Area
           
          Study Area map legend
        • Potential erosion (t/ha)
           
          Potential erosion (t/ha) map legend
        • Lithology
           
          Lithology map legend
        • Altitude (m)
           
          Altitude (m) map legend

      Floods

        4.1 Torrential laves at Claror - Andorra

        • Claror mountain hut
           
          Claror mountain hut map legend
        • Pilot case 2015
           
          Pilot case 2015 map legend
        • Area of operation 2016
           
          Area of operation 2016 map legend
        • Vall del Madriu
           
          Vall del Madriu map legend

        4.2 Resilience to risks in the Valentin valley - CEREMA - France

        • Valentin River Watershed
           
          Valentin River Watershed map legend
        • Regulatory Areas
           
          Regulatory Areas map legend
        • Hazards
           
          Hazards map legend
        • Run-off risk
           
          Run-off risk map legend

    Good practices

      Forest fires

        1.1 Good practice test

      Droughts

      Erosion

      Floods

    Base maps

    • OpenStreetMap
    • Satellite Sentinel-2 2018

    The recurrence of adverse weather events has a negative impact on agricultural and forestry production and producers' income. Drought is one of the most complex natural disasters, impacting more people in the world. The frequency and severity of meteorological and hydrological droughts have increased in most parts of Europe.
    Different drought indices agree that the increase is greatest in southern Europe, where the SUDOE territory is located. In addition to its direct effects on production and socio-economic sectors , drought can affect drinking water supplies, or can affect forest fire risk by increasing the dryness of the fuel and the levels of soil erosion as well.
    Available studies concerning climate change models and projections agree further increases in the frequency, duration and severity of meteorological and hydrological droughts in the coming decades for most the SUDOE region. As a consequence, an increased competition between different water users, such as agriculture, industry, tourism and households is expected also in mountain areas. The impacts of droughts depend on the vulnerability and the ability of communities to cope with the phenomenon, which in turn is influenced by the socio-economic, productive and resource quality conditions of the populations.

    More information

    Complementary cartographic resources about droughts in SUDOE mountain massifs:
    • Global Drought Obervatory - Map viewer
    • European Drought Observatory - Drought evolution tools
    • Projected number of extreme heatwaves (2020-2052; RCP 8.5)
    • Projected number of extreme heatwaves (2068-2100; RCP 8.5)

    Reference maps

    • SUDOE mountain massifs
       
      SUDOE mountain massifs  map legend
    • SUDOE Regions
       
      SUDOE Regions map legend

    Forest fires

    • Active Fire Hotspots MODIS (7 days)
       
      Active Fire Hotspots MODIS (7 days) map legend
    • Areas affected by wildfires (2000 - 2017)
       
      Areas affected by wildfires (2000 - 2017) map legend
    • Projected forest fire danger (2071-2100)
       
      Projected forest fire danger (2071-2100) map legend
    • EFFIS Fuel Map
       
      EFFIS Fuel Map map legend
    • Fire Danger (FWI)
       
      Fire Danger (FWI) map legend

    Droughts

    • Droughts frequency 1950-2012
       
    • Projected trends in drought frequency 2041-2017
       
    • Sensivity to Desertification Index (SDI)
       
      Sensivity to Desertification Index (SDI) map legend
    • Combined Drought Indicator
       
      Combined Drought Indicator map legend

    Erosion

    • Global soil erosion 2012
       
      Global soil erosion 2012 map legend
    • Soil erosion by water
       
      Soil erosion by water map legend
    • Soil erosion in forestland
       
      Soil erosion in forestland map legend
    • Soil Erosion Control
       
      Soil Erosion Control map legend
    • Rainfall Erosivity

      • Global Rainfall Erosivity
         
        Global Rainfall Erosivity map legend
      • Future erosivity 2050
         
        Future erosivity 2050 map legend
      • Erosivity density
         
        Erosivity density map legend
      • Annual R Factor
         
        Annual R Factor map legend
      • Spring R Factor
         
        Spring R Factor map legend
      • Summer R Factor
         
        Summer R Factor map legend
      • Autumn R Factor
         
        Autumn R Factor map legend
      • Winter R Factor
         
        Winter R Factor map legend

      Soil Organic Carbon

      • Soil organic carbon (mean 1971-2000) (t/ha)
         
      • Soil organic carbon (2ºC period) (t/ha)
         
      • Climate change signal for 2ºC period (%)
         

    Floods

    • Accumulated Precipitation (mm)
       
      Accumulated Precipitation (mm) map legend
    • Extreme precipitation 1971-2000 (mm/day)
       
      Extreme precipitation 1971-2000 (mm/day) map legend
    • Change in extreme precipitation for +2°C (mm/day)
       
      Change in extreme precipitation for +2°C (mm/day) map legend
    • Reporting Points
       
      Reporting Points map legend
    • Flood hazard map 50-year return period
       
      Flood hazard map 50-year return period map legend
    • Flood hazard map 100-year return period
       
      Flood hazard map 100-year return period map legend
    • Flood hazard 10 years - Spain (m)
       
      Flood hazard 10 years - Spain (m) map legend
    • Flood hazard 100 year (m)
       
      Flood hazard 100 year (m) map legend
    • 20 Year Return Period Exceedance (%)
       
      20 Year Return Period Exceedance (%) map legend
    • Flood Protection Levels
       
      Flood Protection Levels map legend
    • ERIC Affected area
       
    • Landslide Susceptibility
       
      Landslide Susceptibility map legend
    • Projected relative change of mean discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of mean discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of mean discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of mean discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend

    Pilot cases

      Forest fires

        1.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya

        • Permanent inventory plots
           
        • Forest management Montclima area
           
        • Can Bordoi estate
           
        • Natural Protected Area El Montnegre i el Corredor
           
        • Perimeters of priority protection Serres del Montnegre i Corredor
           

      Droughts

        2.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya

        • Drought episodes in pine trees
           
          Drought episodes in pine trees map legend
        • Drought episodes in holm oak trees
           
          Drought episodes in holm oak trees map legend

      Erosion

        3.1 Protective forest management at Comella - Andorra

        • Picnic area
           
          Picnic area map legend
        • Area of operation
           
          Area of operation map legend
        • Area of origin of rocky block fall
           
          Area of origin of rocky block fall map legend

        3.2 Erosion in vineyards - NEIKER - Rioja Alavesa

        • Study Area
           
          Study Area map legend
        • Potential erosion (t/ha)
           
          Potential erosion (t/ha) map legend
        • Lithology
           
          Lithology map legend
        • Altitude (m)
           
          Altitude (m) map legend

      Floods

        4.1 Torrential laves at Claror - Andorra

        • Claror mountain hut
           
          Claror mountain hut map legend
        • Pilot case 2015
           
          Pilot case 2015 map legend
        • Area of operation 2016
           
          Area of operation 2016 map legend
        • Vall del Madriu
           
          Vall del Madriu map legend

        4.2 Resilience to risks in the Valentin valley - CEREMA - France

        • Valentin River Watershed
           
          Valentin River Watershed map legend
        • Regulatory Areas
           
          Regulatory Areas map legend
        • Hazards
           
          Hazards map legend
        • Run-off risk
           
          Run-off risk map legend

    Good practices

      Forest fires

        1.1 Good practice test

      Droughts

      Erosion

      Floods

    Base maps

    • OpenStreetMap
    • Satellite Sentinel-2 2018

    Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil; it is a form of soil degradation. This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents.
    Soil erosion by water is one of the major threats to soils in South west Europe, with a negative impact on ecosystem services, crop production, drinking water and carbon stocks. Soil erosion may be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed, or it may occur at an alarming rate causing a serious loss of topsoil (outermost layer of soi).
    In arid and sub-arid climates, which are very common in the SUDOE region, the combination of erosive processes and other factors can trigger the process known as desertification. Desertification is a type of extreme land degradation in which biological productivity is lost due to natural processes or induced by human activities whereby fertile areas become increasingly arid. This spread of arid areas is caused by a variety of factors, such as climate change but also others human activities such as overexploitation of soil.

    More information

    Complementary cartographic resources about erosion in SUDOE mountain massifs:
    • Global Assessment of Human-induced Soil Degradation (GLASOD)
    • Rainfall Erosivity in the EU and Switzerland (R-factor)
    • European Landslide Susceptibility Map (ELSUS v2)
    • Pan European Soil Erosion Risk Assessment - PESERA
    • Soil erosion risk southern Europe
    Complementary cartographic resources about erosion in Catalunya:
    • Map of landslide areas Catalonia
    • Map for the prevention of geological risks

    Reference maps

    • SUDOE mountain massifs
       
      SUDOE mountain massifs  map legend
    • SUDOE Regions
       
      SUDOE Regions map legend

    Forest fires

    • Active Fire Hotspots MODIS (7 days)
       
      Active Fire Hotspots MODIS (7 days) map legend
    • Areas affected by wildfires (2000 - 2017)
       
      Areas affected by wildfires (2000 - 2017) map legend
    • Projected forest fire danger (2071-2100)
       
      Projected forest fire danger (2071-2100) map legend
    • EFFIS Fuel Map
       
      EFFIS Fuel Map map legend
    • Fire Danger (FWI)
       
      Fire Danger (FWI) map legend

    Droughts

    • Droughts frequency 1950-2012
       
    • Projected trends in drought frequency 2041-2017
       
    • Sensivity to Desertification Index (SDI)
       
      Sensivity to Desertification Index (SDI) map legend
    • Combined Drought Indicator
       
      Combined Drought Indicator map legend

    Erosion

    • Global soil erosion 2012
       
      Global soil erosion 2012 map legend
    • Soil erosion by water
       
      Soil erosion by water map legend
    • Soil erosion in forestland
       
      Soil erosion in forestland map legend
    • Soil Erosion Control
       
      Soil Erosion Control map legend
    • Rainfall Erosivity

      • Global Rainfall Erosivity
         
        Global Rainfall Erosivity map legend
      • Future erosivity 2050
         
        Future erosivity 2050 map legend
      • Erosivity density
         
        Erosivity density map legend
      • Annual R Factor
         
        Annual R Factor map legend
      • Spring R Factor
         
        Spring R Factor map legend
      • Summer R Factor
         
        Summer R Factor map legend
      • Autumn R Factor
         
        Autumn R Factor map legend
      • Winter R Factor
         
        Winter R Factor map legend

      Soil Organic Carbon

      • Soil organic carbon (mean 1971-2000) (t/ha)
         
      • Soil organic carbon (2ºC period) (t/ha)
         
      • Climate change signal for 2ºC period (%)
         

    Floods

    • Accumulated Precipitation (mm)
       
      Accumulated Precipitation (mm) map legend
    • Extreme precipitation 1971-2000 (mm/day)
       
      Extreme precipitation 1971-2000 (mm/day) map legend
    • Change in extreme precipitation for +2°C (mm/day)
       
      Change in extreme precipitation for +2°C (mm/day) map legend
    • Reporting Points
       
      Reporting Points map legend
    • Flood hazard map 50-year return period
       
      Flood hazard map 50-year return period map legend
    • Flood hazard map 100-year return period
       
      Flood hazard map 100-year return period map legend
    • Flood hazard 10 years - Spain (m)
       
      Flood hazard 10 years - Spain (m) map legend
    • Flood hazard 100 year (m)
       
      Flood hazard 100 year (m) map legend
    • 20 Year Return Period Exceedance (%)
       
      20 Year Return Period Exceedance (%) map legend
    • Flood Protection Levels
       
      Flood Protection Levels map legend
    • ERIC Affected area
       
    • Landslide Susceptibility
       
      Landslide Susceptibility map legend
    • Projected relative change of mean discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of mean discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of mean discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of mean discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend

    Pilot cases

      Forest fires

        1.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya

        • Permanent inventory plots
           
        • Forest management Montclima area
           
        • Can Bordoi estate
           
        • Natural Protected Area El Montnegre i el Corredor
           
        • Perimeters of priority protection Serres del Montnegre i Corredor
           

      Droughts

        2.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya

        • Drought episodes in pine trees
           
          Drought episodes in pine trees map legend
        • Drought episodes in holm oak trees
           
          Drought episodes in holm oak trees map legend

      Erosion

        3.1 Protective forest management at Comella - Andorra

        • Picnic area
           
          Picnic area map legend
        • Area of operation
           
          Area of operation map legend
        • Area of origin of rocky block fall
           
          Area of origin of rocky block fall map legend

        3.2 Erosion in vineyards - NEIKER - Rioja Alavesa

        • Study Area
           
          Study Area map legend
        • Potential erosion (t/ha)
           
          Potential erosion (t/ha) map legend
        • Lithology
           
          Lithology map legend
        • Altitude (m)
           
          Altitude (m) map legend

      Floods

        4.1 Torrential laves at Claror - Andorra

        • Claror mountain hut
           
          Claror mountain hut map legend
        • Pilot case 2015
           
          Pilot case 2015 map legend
        • Area of operation 2016
           
          Area of operation 2016 map legend
        • Vall del Madriu
           
          Vall del Madriu map legend

        4.2 Resilience to risks in the Valentin valley - CEREMA - France

        • Valentin River Watershed
           
          Valentin River Watershed map legend
        • Regulatory Areas
           
          Regulatory Areas map legend
        • Hazards
           
          Hazards map legend
        • Run-off risk
           
          Run-off risk map legend

    Good practices

      Forest fires

        1.1 Good practice test

      Droughts

      Erosion

      Floods

    Base maps

    • OpenStreetMap
    • Satellite Sentinel-2 2018

    A flash flood is a rapid flooding of low-lying areas: washes, rivers, dry lakes and depressions. ‘Flood risk’ is defined as the likelihood of a flood occurring (from any source) combined with its associated effects on people, commerce and the environment.
    The importance of flood risk management in EU policy is encapsulated in the 2007 Floods Directive. The Directive, which has been adopted in every Member State of the EU, sets out a framework for managing and reducing risks. Future climate change is projected to increase the occurrence and frequency of once-in-a-century river floods in most regions of the SUDOE territory, with the exception of parts of southern Spain.
    Pluvial floods and flash floods, which are generally caused by intense precipitation extremes, are likely to become more frequent and intense at the SUDOE mountains. River floods are one of the most destructive threats of hydro-meteorological origin in terms of human lives and economic losses.
    The main investigations on the subject coincide that under a high-emissions scenario, climate change could triple the direct damages from river floods during the 21st century in Europe in the absence of additional adaptation measures.

    More information

    Complementary cartographic resources about floods in SUDOE mountain massifs:
    • EFAS - Flood and flash flood awareness system map viewer
    • European past floods database
    • Compound flood potential in Europe
    • EFAS - Deterministic flood forecast
    • INCA Flood Control - Monetary values 2006-2012
    • European Flood Awareness System - River discharge and related forecasted data
    • Projected change in heavy precipitation in winter (1971-2000 > 2071-2100; RCP 8.5)
    Complementary cartographic resources about floods in Catalunya:
    • Cartographic information from the Catalan Water Agency

    Reference maps

    • SUDOE mountain massifs
       
      SUDOE mountain massifs  map legend
    • SUDOE Regions
       
      SUDOE Regions map legend

    Forest fires

    • Active Fire Hotspots MODIS (7 days)
       
      Active Fire Hotspots MODIS (7 days) map legend
    • Areas affected by wildfires (2000 - 2017)
       
      Areas affected by wildfires (2000 - 2017) map legend
    • Projected forest fire danger (2071-2100)
       
      Projected forest fire danger (2071-2100) map legend
    • EFFIS Fuel Map
       
      EFFIS Fuel Map map legend
    • Fire Danger (FWI)
       
      Fire Danger (FWI) map legend

    Droughts

    • Droughts frequency 1950-2012
       
    • Projected trends in drought frequency 2041-2017
       
    • Sensivity to Desertification Index (SDI)
       
      Sensivity to Desertification Index (SDI) map legend
    • Combined Drought Indicator
       
      Combined Drought Indicator map legend

    Erosion

    • Global soil erosion 2012
       
      Global soil erosion 2012 map legend
    • Soil erosion by water
       
      Soil erosion by water map legend
    • Soil erosion in forestland
       
      Soil erosion in forestland map legend
    • Soil Erosion Control
       
      Soil Erosion Control map legend
    • Rainfall Erosivity

      • Global Rainfall Erosivity
         
        Global Rainfall Erosivity map legend
      • Future erosivity 2050
         
        Future erosivity 2050 map legend
      • Erosivity density
         
        Erosivity density map legend
      • Annual R Factor
         
        Annual R Factor map legend
      • Spring R Factor
         
        Spring R Factor map legend
      • Summer R Factor
         
        Summer R Factor map legend
      • Autumn R Factor
         
        Autumn R Factor map legend
      • Winter R Factor
         
        Winter R Factor map legend

      Soil Organic Carbon

      • Soil organic carbon (mean 1971-2000) (t/ha)
         
      • Soil organic carbon (2ºC period) (t/ha)
         
      • Climate change signal for 2ºC period (%)
         

    Floods

    • Accumulated Precipitation (mm)
       
      Accumulated Precipitation (mm) map legend
    • Extreme precipitation 1971-2000 (mm/day)
       
      Extreme precipitation 1971-2000 (mm/day) map legend
    • Change in extreme precipitation for +2°C (mm/day)
       
      Change in extreme precipitation for +2°C (mm/day) map legend
    • Reporting Points
       
      Reporting Points map legend
    • Flood hazard map 50-year return period
       
      Flood hazard map 50-year return period map legend
    • Flood hazard map 100-year return period
       
      Flood hazard map 100-year return period map legend
    • Flood hazard 10 years - Spain (m)
       
      Flood hazard 10 years - Spain (m) map legend
    • Flood hazard 100 year (m)
       
      Flood hazard 100 year (m) map legend
    • 20 Year Return Period Exceedance (%)
       
      20 Year Return Period Exceedance (%) map legend
    • Flood Protection Levels
       
      Flood Protection Levels map legend
    • ERIC Affected area
       
    • Landslide Susceptibility
       
      Landslide Susceptibility map legend
    • Projected relative change of mean discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of mean discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of mean discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of mean discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme low discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +1.5ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +1.5ºC warming level map legend
    • Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +3.0ºC warming level
       
      Projected relative change of extreme high discharge at +3.0ºC warming level map legend

    Pilot cases

      Forest fires

        1.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya

        • Permanent inventory plots
           
        • Forest management Montclima area
           
        • Can Bordoi estate
           
        • Natural Protected Area El Montnegre i el Corredor
           
        • Perimeters of priority protection Serres del Montnegre i Corredor
           

      Droughts

        2.1 Adaptative forest management - CREAF - Catalunya

        • Drought episodes in pine trees
           
          Drought episodes in pine trees map legend
        • Drought episodes in holm oak trees
           
          Drought episodes in holm oak trees map legend

      Erosion

        3.1 Protective forest management at Comella - Andorra

        • Picnic area
           
          Picnic area map legend
        • Area of operation
           
          Area of operation map legend
        • Area of origin of rocky block fall
           
          Area of origin of rocky block fall map legend

        3.2 Erosion in vineyards - NEIKER - Rioja Alavesa

        • Study Area
           
          Study Area map legend
        • Potential erosion (t/ha)
           
          Potential erosion (t/ha) map legend
        • Lithology
           
          Lithology map legend
        • Altitude (m)
           
          Altitude (m) map legend

      Floods

        4.1 Torrential laves at Claror - Andorra

        • Claror mountain hut
           
          Claror mountain hut map legend
        • Pilot case 2015
           
          Pilot case 2015 map legend
        • Area of operation 2016
           
          Area of operation 2016 map legend
        • Vall del Madriu
           
          Vall del Madriu map legend

        4.2 Resilience to risks in the Valentin valley - CEREMA - France

        • Valentin River Watershed
           
          Valentin River Watershed map legend
        • Regulatory Areas
           
          Regulatory Areas map legend
        • Hazards
           
          Hazards map legend
        • Run-off risk
           
          Run-off risk map legend

    Good practices

      Forest fires

        1.1 Good practice test

      Droughts

      Erosion

      Floods

    Base maps

    • OpenStreetMap
    • Satellite Sentinel-2 2018

    Information

    About the MONTCLIMA Map viewer

    The MONTCLIMA Map viewer aims at improving access to data and geographic information about past, present and future (potential) vulnerability of the SUDOE mountain massifs for natural climate risks (fires, droughts, flooding and erosion).

    All data included in the MONTCLIMA Map viewer was provided by international scientifc institutions, government ministries, agencies or departments with responsibility for natural risk analysis and management. Detailed information about the data characteristics is provided at the "Info" section of each resource.

    • fires - Fire risk depends on many factors, including climatic conditions, vegetation, forest management practices and other socio-economic factors...

    • droughts - Drought is one of the most complex natural disasters, impacting more people in the world. The frequency and severity of meteorological and hydrological droughts have increased in most parts of Europe....

    • erosion - Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil; it is a form of soil degradation. This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents...

    • floods - A flash flood is a rapid flooding of low-lying areas: washes, rivers, dry lakes and depressions. ‘Flood risk’ is defined as the likelihood of a flood occurring combined with its associated effects on people, commerce and the environment...

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    The contents of the MONTCLIMA map viewer are being updated. Some geographic information data is provisional and may undergo changes in the near future, as projects associated progress and new data is integrated. For any questions or suggestions regarding the map viewer, contact this email address montclima@montclima.eu

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    The MONTCLIMA map viewer shows all layers related to

    More information about this pilot case could be found here

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    Information

    The MONTCLIMA map viewer shows all layers related to

    More information about this good practice could be found here

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